Such fibers can be made temperature insensitive and can allow for independent strain measurement. An answer to this issue may be the use of a hybrid sensor based on an FBG and highly birefringent (HB) polarization maintaining (PM) fibers. A number of different methods have been proposed to overcome this simultaneous dependence, although their implementation is limited by the embedding of sensors in the host composite. However, FBG sensors suffer from cross sensitivity between strain and temperature. Since optical fiber sensors are insensitive to electromagnetic fields, and can be used in applications where other types of sensors fail.Ĭurrently, one of the most widely used technologies for implementing structural health monitoring is based on the use of FBGs. Measurements done with optical fibers can be performed along the whole length of the sensor, both in localized and distributed mode and notably, they allow for simultaneous measurement of several physical quantities. A smaller number of implanted fibers also means a smaller weight share in the aircraft structure and smaller impact on the aircraft. Thanks to the development of optical fiber techniques, it is possible to place multiple sensors on one optical fiber, which gives the opportunity to limit the number of optical fibers used, while maximizing the amount of information obtained. In addition, one optical fiber is much lighter and cheaper than the currently used electric cables. Moreover, they are small in size and thus can be embedded into a structure without significantly affecting its physical properties. Their most important feature is low weight, which may result in fuel consumption saving throughout the lifetime of the aircraft. However, optical fibers are being increasingly considered for use in aircrafts due to their numerous advantages over the existing electrical wires-based systems. That is why it is important to develop a technology that is able to monitor internally the structure state. They can occur when an element or a structure is unable to withstand stresses that have been applied to it. The defects in the material microstructure, manufacturing errors, cutouts, holes, tight rounding radii and impacts of the structure are several reasons of failures. Additionally, aircraft structures are exposed to numerous failures and structural damages. Each part consists of a specific number of layers, which in turn work differently depending on the orientation of the fibers and the forces acting. This is due to the complex construction of composite parts. To meet the above requirements, modern materials are increasingly used, including composite materials, which are difficult to monitor their condition during impacts. The production of modern aircraft structures requires the use of materials with high mechanical strength while reducing the weight of structural elements. The newly added monitored machine will get added in the list.The aviation industry is a pioneer in attempts to implement the latest technologies in its constructions.Provide the required details and click ‘Finish’.Read the given instruction and click ‘Next’.
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